Lithium Batteries User Guide

1. ABSTRACT

Lithium batteries offer unmatched performance, and have become indispensable in powering numerous devices including our pedal assisted trishaws and adaptive e bikes essential for the CWA chapters programs. Certified UL or CSA lithium batteries present risks that can be minimized under normal conditions with proper handling, storage, and safety education. However, it is important to acknowledge that some risks remain. This information aims to equip CWA chapters with the knowledge needed to harness the benefits of lithium batteries responsibly and minimize any potential risks.

Important – While this guide provides important safety information, Cycling Without Age Canada cannot guarantee the prevention of all accidents or incidents. Lithium-ion batteries, like any power source, carry inherent risks. Chapters must exercise caution and diligence in following all safety guidelines and OEM
recommendations.

2. USAGE GUIDELINES

General Use

  • It is essential to prioritize and adhere to the original equipment manufacturer’s (OEM) recommendations in the manual for lithium battery handling, charging, storage, and care before using your device. This guide provides general advice, but the OEM’s instructions should always take precedence.
  • Use the battery and charger that came with your trishaw whenever possible, as these devices were specifically designed for use with your bikes. If replacements are necessary, refer to the OEM guidelines for approved alternatives.
  • To minimize the risk of battery failure, it is strongly recommended to use E-bike and battery-powered devices that have been tested by a qualified and nationally recognized laboratory. Check for recognized certification marks.
  • Do not purchase rebuilt, refurbished, or third-party uncertified lithium batteries. These batteries pose the highest risk for fires. Always use certified UL or CSA replacement batteries from the manufacturer. Inspect the battery before use. Check for physical damage, swelling or leakage.

Never use a damaged battery

Charging

  • Never charge your lithium battery unattended or overnight. Monitor the process and disconnect the charger once charging is complete.
  • Charge the battery in an area with a working smoke detector. Do not charge in very hot or very cold weather; ensure the battery is at room temperature (20°C or 68°F) before charging.
  • Charging the battery on the trishaw is one option. In case of malfunction, the trishaw can be rolled outside if safe to do so. If you must remove the battery pack to charge, place it on a concrete floor and away from flammable materials. Do not block your only escape route with the battery charging.
  • Have a fire plan in place.

Handling

  • Never open a lithium battery if you are not qualified to do so. It can be fatal if tampered with and may cause a fire, as well as void your warranty.
  • Never use a charger that is not from the manufacturer of the battery. Only use approved chargers from the manufacturer of your battery that are designed for your battery.

Safety Checks

If you notice any abnormal behaviour such as odour, smoke, leaking, swelling or overheating, discontinue use and contact the manufacturer or dealer immediately.

Modifications

Modifying your battery can potentially cause a short or overheating, leading to a fire. Unless performed by a qualified technician according to OEM-approved procedures, modifications are strongly discouraged.

 

3. STORAGE GUIDELINES

Short-term Storage

  • Store the battery with a partial charge (around 50-70%).
  • Store the battery in a cool, dry place with a temperature range of 10°C to 25°C.
  • Keep terminals covered or protected to prevent accidental contact with conductive materials. Use insulating tape if needed.

Long-term Storage

  • Environment: Store your battery in a clean, dry environment away from flammable materials.
  • The battery should not be fully charged to 100%. It should be stored at around 30-60% capacity.
  • Ensure the batteries terminals are protected.
  • Check the battery once per month as it will slowly discharge over time. Top up the charge for 30 to 60 minutes if necessary, and ensure it stays at 30%. Never store your battery at 100% charge.

Temperature Precautions

  • Do not store your battery in temperatures above 30°C or in direct sunlight. Keep the battery from freezing.

 

4. SAFETY GUIDELINES

Emergency Procedures

  • Keep a Class D fire extinguisher nearby when charging or using the battery. In case of fire, use sand or a Class D fire extinguisher. Do not use water.
  • Emergency Response: If you notice an odour, smoke, or odd noise coming from the charger or battery, roll the trishaw outside if it is safe to do so and call 911.

Temperature Guidelines

  • Do not charge the battery in very hot or very cold weather. Ensure it is at room temperature (20°C or 68°F) before charging.
  • Avoid storing the battery in temperatures above 30°C or in freezing conditions.

 

5. MAINTENANCE AND INSPECTION

Regular Inspection

  • Visually Inspect the battery regularly both in use and stored, for signs of damage, swelling, or leakage.
  • Ensure the battery terminals are clean and free of debris.

Damage Protocol

  • Discontinue use if the lithium battery or charger is dropped, damaged, or immersed in water, discontinue use. Internal components may have been damaged and could cause a fire or electrocution.

 

6. TROUBLESHOOTING

Common Issues

  • Battery Not Charging: Check the charger and connections. If the problem persists, consult the manufacturer.
  • Shortened Battery Life: Ensure proper usage and storage practices. If issues continue, the battery may need replacement.
  • Overheating: Stop using the battery and let it cool down. If overheating recurs, seek professional assistance.

 

7. DISPOSAL AND RECYCLING

Proper Disposal

Follow local regulations for disposing of Lithium-ion batteries. Dispose of batteries at designated recycling centers. Contact your local municipality or waste management authority for information on specific regulations and designated recycling centers in your area.

 

By following this guide, you can significantly reduce risks associated with Lithium-ion batteries installed on Cycling Without Age trishaws, while ensuring their longevity and performance.

For additional information please check The Canadian Electric Bicycle Association (CEBA) at:
https://cebassociation.com/

And The National Fire Protection Association at:
https://www.nfpa.org/education-and-research/electrical/ebikes

Thank you for your cooperation and commitment to safety.

Created: September 30, 2024
Last Edited: April 08, 2025